Different types of sentences.
On the basis of ‘ nature ‘ and ‘ construction ‘, there are different types of sentences.
On the basis of ‘nature’ sentences can be divided into ‘4 types’. They are
I. ASSERTIVE OR DECLARATIVE SENTENCES
Denoting ‘a statement’ or ‘a declaration’.
eg: The President visited Paris
The pattern of a declarative sentence is ‘ S + V+ O ‘.
This pattern is often used as the general pattern of sentences, as we have seen in the topic, Sentences .
II INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Denoting ‘a question’ or ‘an interrogation’.
There are two types of Interrogative sentences
1 ‘ Question word ‘ beginning interrogative sentences or ‘Wh-‘ questions.
The pattern of this type of sentence is (Q.W / Wh-questions + Auxiliaries + S + V + O + ?.)
eg: Why did Martin call you yesterday ?
The pattern of the interrogative sentence beginning with the question word ‘Who’ has a slight difference,as shown below,
Who + Aux + V + O ?
eg: Who has done the work?
In the ‘Who’ beginning interrogative sentences, the ‘ who’ itself acts as both the subject and the question word of the sentence.
2 ‘Auxiliary beginning’ interrogative sentences or ‘Yes’ or ‘ No ‘ questions.
Here the interrogative sentences begin with Auxiliaries and the answers of these questions are always ‘Yes’ or ‘No’. That’s why it is called ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ questions.
The pattern of this sentence is Aux + S + V + O ?
eg: Do you understand it ?
III IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
Denoting a ‘request’, ‘advice’, ‘suggestion’, ‘warning’, ‘order’, ‘command’, etc…
eg: Drive carefully. ( denoting an advice )
Please help me. ( denoting a request)
Handle with care. ( denoting a warning )
The pattern of an Imperative sentence is ‘V + O’
IV EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES
Denoting strong feelings.
eg : How beautiful the flower is…!
How sadly you sing the song..!
What a wonderful dream is it..!
The pattern of this sentences is
How + adj/adv + S + V + O. (eg: 1 & 2 ) and
What + a + adj + Noun + V + S. ( eg: 3 )
Exclamatory sentences always end with the exclamation mark. ( ‘!’ )
On the basis of construction sentences are divided into ‘ 3’ types, they are
1 SIMPLE SENTENCES
2 COMPLEX SENTENCES
3 COMPOUND SENTENCES
Before defining it, let’s go to the topics related to “group of words” .
1 PHRASE
It is a group of words having a somewhat meaning, but doesn’t have a subject, a verb with a particular tense form and a complete meaning.
eg: Being interested in English…
2 SUB- ORDINATE CLAUSE OR CO-ORDINATE CLAUSE
It is also a group of words or a part of a sentence, having a subject, a verb with a particular tense form and a partial meaning, but doesn’t have a complete meaning.
eg: When she reached there,……
3 MAIN CLAUSE OR PRINCIPAL CLAUSE
It is too a group of words or a part of a sentence, having a subject, a verb with a particular tense form and a complete meaning.
eg: Martin once visited me….
4 CLAUSE
It is a part of a sentence or a group of words having either a complete meaning ( Main clause) or a partial meaning ( Sub- ordinate clause )
Now we can come back to the topic sentences classified on the basis of its ‘construction’ and define the ‘ 3 ‘ types, one by one.
1 SIMPLE SENTENCE
Sentence having only ‘one’ main clause is called Simple sentence.
eg : I saw him getting ready to go to school. ( M.C.)
2 COMPLEX SENTENCE
Sentence having ‘one’ Main clause and ‘one’ or ‘more’ Sub- ordinate clauses is known as Complex sentence.
eg: When I reached there ( S.C ), John had left the place. ( M.C.)
3 COMPOUND SENTENCE
Sentence having ‘two’ or ‘more’ Main clauses connected by ‘conjunctions’ is called compound sentence.
eg: Thomas called Merlin ( M.C.) and at once, she came (M.C.)
‘M.C.’— ‘Main clause’
‘S.C’.— ‘Sub- ordinate clause’.
( Phrases may also be there in all the above types of sentences )
eg: Assuring victory, the Indian team claimed that they would bring home the world cup of the year.
Here in the sentence at first we can see the phrase, then the main clause and last the sub-ordinate clause..
The given sentence is an example for a complex sentence. ( go through the definition of complex sentence)
So we have studied the topic Types of sentences.
Now, let’s go to the Exercise in the topic